Introduction Responsible AI: An Australian Perspective

The Promise and Perils of AI in the Australian Context

Potential Benefits of AI in Australia

Key Risks and Challenges

Current Landscape of AI Governance in Australia

Gaps and Limitations in Current Approaches

One: The Australian Framework for AI Governance

Role of Government

Federal Government

State and Territory Governments

Role of Industry

Role of Civil Society

Role of Academia

Collaborative Mechanisms

Two: Australia’s AI Ethics Principles

1. Human, Societal, and Environmental Wellbeing
2. Human-Centred Values
3. Fairness
4. Privacy Protection and Security
5. Reliability and Safety
6. Transparency and Explainability
7. Contestability
8. Accountability

Three: Australia’s Voluntary AI Safety Standard: The Ten Guardrails

1. Establish, implement, and publish an accountability process including governance, internal capability, and a strategy for regulatory compliance.
2. Establish and implement a risk management process to identify and mitigate risks.
3. Protect AI systems, and implement data governance measures to manage data quality and provenance.
4. Test AI models and systems to evaluate model performance and monitor the system once deployed.
5. Enable human control or intervention in an AI system to achieve meaningful human oversight.
6. Inform end-users regarding AI-enabled decisions, interactions with AI and AI-generated content.
7. Establish processes for people impacted by AI systems to challenge use or outcomes.
8. Be transparent with other organisations across the AI supply chain about data, models, and systems to help them effectively address risks.
9. Keep and maintain records to allow third parties to assess compliance with guardrails.
10. Engage your stakeholders and evaluate their needs and circumstances with a focus on safety, diversity, inclusion, and fairness.

Four: Policy for the Responsible Use of AI in Government

Key Findings

Recommendations

Mandatory Requirements

Accountable Officials

AI Transparency Statement

Impacts and Recommendations

Government Agencies

IT Leaders

Procurement Officers

Public Servants

Conclusion

Five: Standard for Accountable Officials: Implementing Responsible AI Use in Australian Government

Key Components of the Standard

1. Designation of Accountable Officials
2. Core Responsibilities of Accountable Officials
3. Implementation Guidance
4. Recommended Activities
5. Transparency and Reporting
6. Engagement and Coordination

Analysis and Implications

Flexibility and Adaptability

Cultural Transformation

Risk Management Focus

Cross-Government Coordination

Continuous Learning and Adaptation

Recommendations for Effective Implementation

Conclusion

Six: Standard for AI Transparency Statements: Enhancing Public Trust in Government AI Use

Key Components of the Standard

1. Mandatory Disclosure Requirements
2. Publication and Accessibility
3. Regular Review and Updates
4. AI Classification System

Analysis and Implications

1. Promoting Transparency and Trust
2. Standardisation and Comparability
3. Balancing Disclosure and Security
4. Adaptation to Rapid AI Evolution
5. Public Engagement and Accountability
6. Classification System Impact

Recommendations

Conclusion

Seven: National Framework for AI Assurance in Australian Government: A Strategic Analysis

Key Findings

Strategic Implications

For Government Agencies

For Technology Vendors

For Citizens

Key Components of the Framework

1. Cornerstones of Assurance:
2. Implementation of AI Ethics Principles:
3. Practical Guidelines:

Challenges and Risks

Recommendations

Conclusion

Eight: Australian Privacy Principles

Principle 1: Open and Transparent Management of Personal Information

Principle 2: Anonymity and Pseudonymity

Principle 3: Collection of Solicited Personal Information

Principle 4: Dealing with Unsolicited Personal Information

Principle 5: Notification of the Collection of Personal Information

Principle 6: Use or Disclosure of Personal Information

Principle 7: Direct Marketing

Principle 8: Cross-border Disclosure of Personal Information

Principle 9: Adoption, Use, or Disclosure of Government-Related Identifiers

Principle 10: Quality of Personal Information

Principle 11: Security of Personal Information

Principle 12: Access to Personal Information

Principle 13: Correction of Personal Information

Nine: Proposed Changes to the Australian Privacy Act

1. Objects of the Act
2. APP Codes
3. Emergency Declarations
4. Children’s Privacy
5. Security and Data Retention
6. Overseas Data Flows
7. Data Breach Notifications
8. Penalties
9. Court Powers
10. Public Inquiries
11. Automated Decisions
12. Serious Invasions of Privacy
13. Doxxing Offenses

Ten: AI Governance: A Standards Perspective

Key findings include

Analysis

1. Scope and Applicability
2. Context of the Organisation
3. Leadership and Commitment
4. AI Policy
5. Planning
6. Support
7. Operation
8. Performance Evaluation
9. Improvement
10. Annexes

Recommendations

Conclusion

Further Reading

Eleven: Other Relevant Frameworks and Legislation

Conclusion: Navigating the AI Governance Landscape